|
Dr James Pattison – Lecturer
in Politics, B.A., M.A., PhD (Newcastle) Address: Politics, School of Social Sciences,
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK Email: james.pattison@manchester.ac.uk Tel: 0161 275 4931 |
Dr
James Pattison is a Lecturer in Politics at the University of Manchester. His
research interests include humanitarian intervention, the responsibility to
protect, the ethics of war, and the increased use of private military and
security companies. His PhD on humanitarian intervention was awarded the Sir Ernest Barker Prize for Best Dissertation in Political
Theory
by the Political Studies Association. His book, Humanitarian Intervention and the
Responsibility to Protect: Who Should Intervene?, was published
by Oxford University Press in 2010 (available on the
OUP.co.uk website here and Amazon.co.uk here). This book was awarded
a ‘Notable Book Award’ in 2011 by the International Studies Association
(International Ethics Section). He has published
various articles on the ethics of force, including for Ethics and International Affairs, International Theory, the Journal
of International Political Theory, the Journal
of Military Ethics, the International
Journal of Human Rights, and the Journal
of Political Philosophy. He is currently working on a second monograph,
provisionally entitled The Morality of
Private War (under contract with Oxford University Press). Before joining
Manchester, he was a Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the University
of the West of England, Bristol.
Current Work
Pattison
is currently working on two central projects. The first considers the
responsibility to project doctrine and the ethics of humanitarian intervention in
light of the NATO intervention in Libya. The second considers the ethical
issues surrounding the use of private military and security companies. From
September 2010-2012, he will be working on an ESRC-funded project, “The
Morality of Private War”.
ESRC Project on the Morality of
Private War (£97,875), from
September 2010
SUMMARY:
The private military industry has been growing rapidly since the end of the
Cold War. Private military and security companies (PMSCs) provide a myriad of
services, including the training of troops and security forces, the provision
of transportation and logistics, and a number of roles more likely to involve
direct combat, such as the protection of state officials. Given its extent, the
increased reliance on PMSCs is often claimed to be one the most significant
changes in the military profession over the past three decades. Although the
potential benefits and disadvantages of using PMSCs are often discussed, the
ethical considerations are rarely fully elaborated. This research project will
therefore use normative political theory to assess the leading normative
objections to the use of private military and security companies. It will
develop a normative framework (the Moderate Instrumentalist Approach) on the
justifiability of private force for individual contractors and those employing
the services of PMSCs (e.g., states). It will also develop two themes: first,
the use of PMSCs raises a number of deeper, more fundamental normative
difficulties, in addition to the more obvious contingent problems; second, the
use of PMSCs can, nevertheless, sometimes be morally acceptable, even in combat
roles. To do this, the research will consider six central issues: (i) if and
when individual contractors can permissibly use and assist military force; (ii)
private contractors' liability to attack; (iii) the legitimacy of states that
employ PMSCs; (iv) whether military services should be viewed as a public good;
(v) the possibility of using PMSCs to augment the international community's
capacity to undertake humanitarian intervention; and (vi) the use of PMSCs by
humanitarian organisations to protect their personnel and infrastructure in the
field.
Books
James
Pattison (under contract) The Morality of
Private War (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
James
Pattison (2010) Humanitarian
Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect: Who Should Intervene?
(Oxford: Oxford University Press). Available on OUP.co.uk, OUP.com, Amazon.co.uk, and Amazon.com.
·
Awarded ‘Notable Book
Award’ by the International Studies Association (International Ethics Section),
2011
·
Subject of Symposium:
(2011) Global
Discourse, 2 (I), with reviews by David
Miller and Graham Long.
·
Subject of Review
Essay: Prof. Jennifer Welsh (2010) “Implementing
the ‘Responsibility to Protect’: Where Expectations Meet Reality”, Ethics & International Affairs, 24
(4), pp. 415–30
·
Subject of Review
Essay: Dr Eric Heinze (2011) “Humanitarian
Intervention, the Responsibility to Protect, and Confused Legitimacy”, Human Rights and Human Welfare (with one
other book).
·
Subject of Review
Essay: Prof Steven Lee, (2011) “The Who
and the Why of Humanitarian Intervention”, Criminal Justice Ethics, 30 (3), pp. 302–8
·
Reviewed in Civil Wars, Forum for Development
Studies, Global Responsibility to
Protect, Political Studies Review
Articles
·
Deane-Peter
Baker and James Pattison (forthcoming) “'The Principled Case for Employing Private Military and
Security Companies in Interventions for Human Rights Purposes.”, Journal of Applied Philosophy.
[Available on Early
View]
·
James
Pattison (forthcoming) “When Is It Right
to Fight? Just War Theory and the
Individual-Centric Approach”, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice
[12,400 words]. [Available on Early View]
·
James
Pattison (forthcoming) “The
Legitimacy of the Military, Private Military and Security Companies, and Just
War Theory”, European Journal of
Political Theory [10,300 words]. [Available on Early
View]
·
James
Pattison (2011) “Introduction
to Roundtable on Libya, RtoP, and Humanitarian Intervention”, Ethics & International Affairs, 25
(3), pp. 251–4.
·
James
Pattison (2011) “The
Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention in Libya”, Ethics & International Affairs, 25 (3), pp. 271–77.
·
James
Pattison (2011) “The
Rights and Duties of Humanitarian Intervention: A Reply to Two Critics”, Global Discourse, 2 (I).
·
James
Pattison (2010) “Deeper
Objections to the Privatisation of Military Force”, Journal of Political Philosophy, 18 (4), pp. 425–47. The definitive, typeset
version of this paper is available here.
·
James
Pattison (2010) “Outsourcing
the Responsibility to Protect: Humanitarian Intervention and Private Military
and Security Companies”, International
Theory, 2 (1), pp. 1–31. The definitive, typeset
version of this paper is available here.
·
James
Pattison (2009) “Humanitarian
Intervention, the Responsibility to Protect, and Jus in Bello”, Global Responsibility to Protect, 1 (3),
pp. 346–91.
·
James
Pattison (2008) “Whose
Responsibility to Protect? The Duties of Humanitarian Intervention”, Journal of Military Ethics, 7 (4), pp.
262–83. The definitive, typeset version of this paper is available
here.
·
James
Pattison (2008) “Legitimacy
and Humanitarian Intervention: Who Should Intervene?”, International Journal of Human Rights, 12 (3), pp. 395–413. The definitive (typeset) version of this article is available here.
·
James
Pattison (2008) “Just
War Theory and the Privatization of Military Force”, Ethics and International Affairs, 22 (2), pp. 143–62. The definitive (typeset) version of this article is available here.
·
James
Pattison (2008) “Humanitarian
Intervention and a Cosmopolitan UN Force”, Journal of International Political Theory, 4 (1), pp. 126–45. This article can also be downloaded on the EUP website here.
·
James
Pattison (2007) “Representativeness
and Humanitarian Intervention”, Journal
of Social Philosophy, 38 (4), pp. 569–87. This
article can also be downloaded on the journal website here.
·
James
Pattison (2007) “Humanitarian
Intervention and International Law: The Moral Significance of an Intervener’s
Legal Status”,
Critical Review of International Social
and Political Philosophy, 10 (3), pp. 301–19. The
definitive (typeset) version of this article can be downloaded here.
Other Publications
·
Deane-Peter Baker and
James Pattison (forthcoming) “Mercenaries and Private Military Companies”.
Commissioned entry in Hugh LaFollette (ed), The
International Encyclopedia of Ethics [3,000 words].
·
James Pattison (2010)
Roundtable contributions in Human Rights
and Human Welfare: An International Review of Books and Other Publications:
•
“On Genocide and the National Interest”,
Mar 2010.
•
“Hope, Despair, and Human Rights”,
Apr 2010.
•
“Human Rights Abusers, the Human Rights
Council, and the UN”, Jun 2010.
·
James Pattison (2010)
"Legitimacy". Commissioned entry in Mark Bevir (ed) Sage Encyclopaedia of Political Theory [2,500 words]
·
James Pattison (2009)
Commissioned ‘Book Note’ of Eric Heinze’s Waging
Humanitarian War: The Ethics, Law, and Politics of Humanitarian Intervention (Albany:
SUNY Press, 2009) for Human Rights and Human Welfare.
·
James Pattison (2008)
Roundtable contributions in Human Rights and Human Welfare:
An International Review of
Books and Other Publications:
• “Myths, Reasonable Expectations, and a League of Democracies”, Nov. 08.
•
“Improving the Agents and Mechanisms of
Humanitarian Intervention”, Oct. 08.
•
“Cosmopolitanism and Rationalizing Tendencies”,
Sep. 08.
·
James Pattison (2008)
Commissioned book review of Robert Jackson’s Sovereignty, Evolution of an Idea (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007) for International Affairs, 84 (1), January 2008, 145-146.
Research Interests
·
Areas of specialisation: the ethics of
war, private military and security companies, the responsibility to protect,
and humanitarian intervention
·
Areas of competence: political philosophy,
International Relations
(i) Convening and Organising
·
Guest Editor (for roundtable on Libya, RtoP, and Humanitarian Intervention),
Ethics & International Affairs,
Fall 2011.
·
Co-convener. Global Ethics
·
Organiser of Departmental External Speaker Seminar Series, Department of Politics, Philosophy, and International Relations,
University of the West of England, 2009.
·
Convener and Chief Organiser.
CANE (Central and Northern England)
(ii) Refereeing and Editorial
Boards
External Examiner for PhD
·
Zahler Bryan,
“Displacing Imminence: A Reconsideration of Jus Ad Bellum”, University of
Oxford, Mar 2010.
·
Mine Pinar Gozen Ercan,
“Undertaking the Responsibility: International Community, States, R2P and
Humanitarian Intervention” University of Trento, Italy, Jul 2011
·
William Feldman, “War
and Privatization: A Moral Theory of Private Protective Agencies, Militias,
Contractors, Military Firms, and Mercenaries”, University of Oxford, Aug 2011
Refereeing
·
Journals: American Political Science Review; Cambridge
Review of International Affairs; Cooperation and Conflict; Critical Review of
International Social and Political Philosophy; Ethical Perspectives; Ethics
& International Affairs; European Journal of International Relations;
Global Responsibility to Protect; Global Society; Human Rights and Human
Welfare; International Journal of Human Rights; International Studies Review;
Journal of Applied Philosophy; Journal of Global Ethics; Journal of
International Political Theory; Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding;
Journal of Moral Philosophy; Journal of Political Philosophy; Journal of Social
Philosophy; Millennium; Social Problems
·
Publishing houses: Oxford
University Press, Routledge, University of Chicago Press
·
Funding bodies: ESRC
Editorial Board Member
·
Human Rights & Human Welfare
(iii) Funding
·
ESRC, “The Morality of Private War”,
£97,875 (FEC), from September 2010-2010. This funding is to consider the
normative issues surrounding the use of private military force.
·
Research Collaboration Scheme,
Association of Commonwealth Universities/British Academy. “Privatised
Humanitarianism: An Ethical Imperative”. This funding is to collaborate with
Deane-Peter Baker (Senior Lecturer in the School of Philosophy and Ethics,
University of KwaZulu-Natal) on a joint research project on PMCs and
humanitarian intervention from May 09-Sept 10. Worth: £4514.80.
·
One-year ESRC Postdoctoral Fellowship.
Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford. Worth
£89,574.00 (FEC). July 2007 (I did not take up this Fellowship since I was
offered a permanent position at the University of the West of England at the
same time
·
Funding for CANE graduate conference. £500 secured
from School of Politics, Geography, and Sociology and £350 secured from
·
Expenses and Living
Costs to be a Research Affiliate at
New York University. Awarded by the ESRC as part of their Overseas
Institutional Visit scheme (worth over £3000). Jul-Sep 2006
·
Four-year ESRC Studentship Award (1+3 Scheme).
Covered all living expenses and fees for the duration of the M.A. and PhD
(Worth over £60,000). Oct 2002-2006
(iv) Awards
·
Notable Book Award for Humanitarian Intervention
and the Responsibility to Protect: Who Should Intervene? (Oxford: Oxford
University Press). Awarded by the
International Studies Association (International Ethics Section), 2011.
·
Sir Ernest Barker Prize for Best
Dissertation in Political Theory. Awarded by the Political Studies Association
(award for best PhD in field in the U.K.), 2008
·
Hugh Berrington Prize for Outstanding
Performance. Awarded by the School of Geography, Politics, and Sociology,
Newcastle University (award for highest average on Masters programmes), 2003
(v) Appointments
·
Lecturer in Politics, University of
Manchester, Sept 09-
·
Senior Lecturer in International Relations.
Department of Politics and Philosophy, University of the West of England,
Bristol, Jan 08-Aug 09.
·
Lecturer in International Relations.
Department of Politics and Philosophy, University of the West of England,
Bristol, Sep 07-Jan 08
·
Temporary Lecturer. School of Geography,
Politics, and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Jan-Jul 07
·
Research Affiliate. Wilf Family
Department of Politics, NYU (New York University), New York, Jul-Sep 06
·
Seminar Leader. School of Geography,
Politics, and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Jan 04-Jun
06
(vi) Qualifications
·
PhD: “Legitimacy and Humanitarian Intervention: Who
Should Intervene?”. Department of Geography, Politics, and Sociology, Newcastle
University. (Submitted within 3 years and passed viva with no revisions or
changes required.)
o ***Awarded ‘Sir Ernest Barker Prize’
for Best Dissertation in Political Theory 2006/7 by the Political Studies
Association***, Oct 03-Dec 06
·
M.A. Politics
(Research). Department of Geography, Politics, and Sociology, Newcastle
University. (Distinction;
o ***Awarded ‘Hugh Berrington Prize
for Outstanding Performance’ for highest mark in year***), Oct 02-03.
·
B.A. Politics. Department of
Geography, Politics, and Sociology, Newcastle University. (First Class
Honours), Oct 99-02.
(vii) Current Teaching
·
POLI60502 Human Rights
in World Politics (MA) -- Module Leader
·
POLI70492 Human Rights
Vocational Placement (MA) -- Module Leader
·
POLI20602: Arguing
about Politics
(viii) Previous Teaching
·
POLI70401: Graduate
Seminar in International Politics (Manchester)
·
POLI30142: Security
Studies (Manchester)
·
Global Ethics
(University of the West of England)
·
Theories of
International Relations (University of the West of England)
·
MA: The Politics of
Human Rights (University of the West of England)
·
Foreign Policy
(University of the West of England)
·
Kant and Hegel
(Newcastle University)
·
Political Thought:
Perspectives on International Affairs (Newcastle University).
(viii) Current PhD students
·
Nicola Mulkeen
“Commerce, Coin and Exploitation” (with Jonathan Quong)
·
Joshua
Shurley “AFRICOM and the Human Terrain: Examining the Implications of Emerging
US Foreign Policy and Intelligence Capabilities on the Republic of Botswana”
(with Piers Robinson)
James is willing (and keen) to supervise PhD students.
Last updated: Dec 2011